From Babes to Sons: How Paul’s Doctrine Grows the Believer

From Babes to Sons: How Paul’s Doctrine Grows the Believer

When we read Paul’s letters, we don’t just see words—we see a journey. A journey from spiritual infancy to maturity. From confusion to clarity. From weakness to strength. And this journey is not random or emotional—it is built on doctrine. The Word of God, rightly divided, is the tool that transforms a believer from a babe in Christ to a mature son who walks in godliness and spiritual understanding.

Paul’s letters to the Corinthians and Galatians show us what spiritual infancy looks like. These churches were saved, yes—but they were unstable. They were easily swayed, morally compromised, and doctrinally confused. Paul calls the Corinthians “babes in Christ” (1 Corinthians 3:1) and rebukes the Galatians for being “foolish” and “bewitched” (Galatians 3:1). These believers could not handle strong doctrine. Paul had to go back to basics—correcting their view of the gospel, exposing their carnality, and pleading with them to grow up. They were children, tossed to and fro, needing milk and not meat.

Now contrast that with Paul’s letters to the Thessalonians. Here we see a different tone. Paul is not rebuking—he is rejoicing. He says, “We give thanks to God always for you all… remembering without ceasing your work of faith, and labour of love, and patience of hope” (1 Thessalonians 1:2-3). These believers had received the Word “not as the word of men, but as it is in truth, the word of God” (1 Thessalonians 2:13). They were standing fast, enduring persecution, and walking in holiness. Paul calls them “brethren beloved of the Lord” and speaks to them as sons—not as children.

Unity through Humility

Unity through Humility

While writing Philippians 2:2-5, Paul encourages unity by presenting this body of believers an image of the selfless mind of Christ. He writes,

“Fulfill ye my joy, that ye be likeminded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind. Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves. Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on the things of others. Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus.”

Fulfill ye my joy, that ye be likeminded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind.

At the core of unity, is “the same doctrine”. Doctrine, a set of principles that defines the grace life, when believed and maintained through a common understanding of its teachings, will produce unity and harmony. Paul confirms this in his letter to the Corinthians:

“Now I beseech you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you; but that ye be perfectly joined together in the same mind and in the same judgment.” - 1Cor.1:10

It is this same doctrine that promotes unity that Paul uses to instruct the Philippians in humility. If the doctrine in the minds of the saints are the bricks, then humility is the mortar that binds them together in a strong and immovable unity. 

Let nothing be done through strife (conflict) or vainglory (pride and boasting); but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves. Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on the things of others.

Pleasing God in the Right Dispensation: A Contrast of Hebrews and Romans

Pleasing God in the Right Dispensation: A Contrast of Hebrews and Romans

Many Christians today are sincere but sincerely confused. They read Hebrews and Romans as if they’re saying the same thing to the same people. But they’re not. These two epistles are foundational—but for different audiences, in different dispensations, with different instructions for how to walk in a way that pleases God. Before we get into comparing 'what pleases God' between the two letters, let me start with a generalisation of Hebrews versus Romans. 

Hebrews is written to Israel, specifically to Jewish believers preparing to endure the coming tribulation. It speaks from the framework of law and prophecy, calling them to hold fast, to resist apostasy, and to demonstrate their faith through visible obedience. It warns against returning to temple sacrifices—especially when the Antichrist reinstates them—and speaks of “the world to come” (Hebrews 2:5) and “the day approaching” (Hebrews 10:25), pointing clearly to prophetic fulfilment. Christ is presented as the true High Priest, replacing the Levitical system, and Israel is called to come “without the camp” (Hebrews 13:13), echoing the flight from Jerusalem in Matthew 24:15. This is not Church doctrine—it is tribulation instruction for Israel under law and prophecy.

Romans, by contrast, is written to the Body of Christ, and it operates under grace and mystery. Paul, the apostle to the Gentiles (Romans 11:13), lays out the believer’s spiritual identity in Christ, centred on justification by faith, sanctification, and the renewing of the mind. Romans reveals the mystery that was hidden in ages past (Romans 16:25), and though it addresses both Jews and Gentiles, it does so within the context of the Church—not national Israel. It teaches us to walk in the Spirit, not striving for acceptance through performance, but resting in the finished work of Christ. Our salvation is not dependent on the law but is entirely under grace (Romans 6:14).

When Grace Is Not Enough

When Grace Is Not Enough

We speak often of grace. We sing of it, preach it, post it. But if we’re honest, many of us treat grace like a soft cushion—something to fall back on when we stumble, rather than a foundation to stand on and build from. We receive it, yes. But do we respect it? Do we respond?

Paul’s letters are not shy on this point. Grace is not just a theological comfort—it’s a spiritual responsibility. And if we mishandle it, we don’t lose salvation, but we do lose clarity, fruitfulness, and the joy of walking in step with the Spirit.

Let’s walk slowly through three ways Scripture warns us not to mishandle grace. Not to condemn, but to awaken.

1. Frustrating Grace: When We Try to Help God Out

There’s a quiet danger in trying to help grace along. We don’t mean to, of course. But somewhere between our zeal for holiness and our fear of falling short, we start adding scaffolding to the cross. A little law here, a little self-effort there. Before long, we’re measuring our spiritual health by how well we perform, not how deeply we trust. Paul saw this tendency and wrote plainly: “I do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain” (Galatians 2:21). That’s not just a doctrinal correction—it’s a relational one. When we try to earn what was freely given, we’re not just miscalculating; we’re dishonouring the very heart of the gospel. Grace doesn’t need our help. It needs our surrender.

Love That Serves: The Labour Born of Faith and Formed by Truth

The Labour Born of Faith and Formed by Truth

In the life of a believer, there is no higher calling than to walk in love—a love that serves, sacrifices, and reflects the very heart of Christ. Yet this love is not self-generated. It is not the product of religious tradition, emotional devotion, or fleshly effort. True charity, the kind that pleases God, is born of a pure heart, shaped by a good conscience, and sustained by faith unfeigned. As Paul wrote to Timothy, “Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned” (1 Timothy 1:5, KJV). This is the goal of all divine instruction: love that flows from within, not manufactured from without.

This love is not passive—it is active. It is the labour of love that Paul commends in 1 Thessalonians 1:3, a love that works, gives, and serves. But it is also a love that is formed, not forced. It is developed in the believer through the work of faith—the ongoing process of studying the Word of God, yielding to its truth, and allowing the Spirit to shape the inner man. As the Word is received with meekness and obeyed with sincerity, the character of Christ begins to take root. And from that root springs the fruit of charity—not as a duty, but as a delight.

This is the essence of Christian liberty. As Paul writes in Galatians, “For, brethren, ye have been called unto liberty; only use not liberty for an occasion to the flesh, but by love serve one another” (Galatians 5:13, KJV). Liberty in Christ is not freedom to indulge the flesh—it is freedom to walk in the Spirit. It is the freedom to serve, not because we are bound by law, but because we are bound by love. And this love is not superficial—it is the highest righteousness a man can attain. A free man, willingly serving others, bound only by the love of Christ formed within him.

Charity from a Pure Heart: The End of the Commandment

Charity from a Pure Heart: The End of the Commandment

There is a clarity in Paul’s words to Timothy that settles the heart and sharpens the focus: “Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned” (1 Timothy 1:5, KJV). This is not a peripheral truth—it is the very purpose of divine instruction. When all is said and done, when doctrine has been taught and principles laid down, this is what God desires: love that flows from purity, integrity, and genuine faith.

Charity, in its biblical sense, is not merely kindness or sentiment. It is the expression of Christ’s life formed within the believer. It is the labour that emerges from a heart shaped by truth, a conscience kept clean, and a faith that is sincere and rooted in Scripture. This kind of love does not originate in the flesh, nor is it sustained by religious habit. It is cultivated through the work of faith—the ongoing process of studying the Word of God, submitting to its authority, and yielding to its correction.

A pure heart is not assumed; it is examined. Before any action, before any judgement, the heart must be searched. Bitterness, envy, strife, and malice must be identified and removed. The believer must ensure that love is the sole motive—unmixed, unforced, and unpretentious. When the heart is pure, the conscience clear, and the faith genuine, the believer is equipped to approve things that are excellent and to walk in the charity that fulfils the commandment.

From Carnal to Spiritual (Part 3): Progression, Not Perfection

From Carnal to Spiritual (Part 3): Progression, Not Perfection

One of the most freeing truths in Paul’s teaching is that spiritual maturity is not about arriving at perfection—it’s about moving forward in progression. The renewed mind isn’t something we wake up with. It’s something we grow into, step by step, thought by thought, decision by decision. And if we’re honest, many believers need to hear this. Because too often, we measure ourselves against an ideal and feel defeated before we even begin.

But here’s the key: spiritual maturity isn’t an on/off switch—it’s a lifelong process. Every believer starts at 100% carnal thinking. That’s the only mindset we’ve ever known before coming to Christ. The world shaped our values, our reactions, our priorities. And even after we’re saved, that carnal mind doesn’t just vanish. It must be replaced—intentionally and repeatedly—with the mind of Christ.

Now, let’s be clear: a carnal mind isn’t just a mind that’s prone to sin or always thinking evil thoughts. That’s a shallow definition. A carnal mind is simply the default human mindset—even if it’s thinking “good” things. It can be moral, kind, generous, and still be at enmity with God. Why? Because it operates independently of the Spirit. It has its own motives, its own logic, and it’s not driven by the love of Christ. That’s why Paul says in Romans 8:7,

“The carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.”

Think of it like this: on one end of the scale is the natural man—dead in sins, steeped in worldly thinking. On the other end is the fully renewed mind of Christ. And every believer is somewhere in between. You can move forward on that scale, and yes, you can slide backward too. Because it’s not about having a carnal mind in the absolute sense—it’s about what you’re paying attention to. What are you minding? What are you giving your focus to?

From Carnal to Spiritual (Part 2): Renewal Requires Forsaking

From Carnal to Spiritual (Part 2): Renewal Requires Forsaking

The process of renewing the mind is not simply about learning new things—it’s about letting go of the old. The carnal mind, as Paul teaches, is not just a sinful mindset; it’s the default operating system of every person born into this world. Before salvation, it’s all we know. And even after we’re justified, it remains our natural tendency unless we actively forsake it.

Paul makes it clear in Romans 8:7 (KJV):

“Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.”

That’s not a matter of effort or sincerity—it’s a matter of incompatibility. The carnal mind cannot please God. It doesn’t matter how well-meaning a believer is; if they’re still thinking with the old framework, they’re walking in opposition to the Spirit. And tragically, many believers are trying to live for God while clinging to the very mindset that opposes Him.

Renewal, then, is not just about acquiring biblical knowledge. It’s about forsaking the thoughts that once defined us. Isaiah 55 says:

“Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts.”

That’s the heart of renewal. You don’t just add Scripture to your thinking—you replace your thinking with Scripture. You don’t just memorize verses—you surrender your old conclusions. You don’t just learn about heaven—you begin to mind heavenly things, as Colossians 3 instructs:

“Set your affection on things above, not on things on the earth.”

The Word Transforms Us from Iniquity and Godliness

The Word Transforms Us from Iniquity and Godliness

We are all walking according to one of two principles: iniquity or godliness. There is no middle ground. Every soul born into this world arrives with no understanding, yet over time, we all develop a way of thinking—a wisdom shaped by education, culture, and influences from the world. The problem? This wisdom is not God’s.

Scripture tells us that through the course of this world, men walk according to the prince of the power of the air, the very spirit that operates in the children of disobedience (Ephesians 2:2). This world system does not lead anyone toward truth or righteousness but toward iniquity—away from God’s way of thinking. The only solution? Transformation through the renewing of the mind.

Many people walk in a form of godliness while denying its power (2 Timothy 3:5). They attend church, sing in choirs, and outwardly practice religion, but the true working of Christ within is absent. They maintain a visible form, yet there is no inward transformation. True godliness is not built on effort, but on transformation—the inward formation of Christ, as His Spirit is poured into our hearts through faith.

Our Bodies are to be Vessels for the Glory of God, Not Instruments of Sin

Our Bodies are to be Vessels for the Glory of God, Not Instruments of Sin

The moment we believe the gospel—that Christ died for our sins, was buried, and rose again—we are placed into the Body of Christ. We are no longer just individuals navigating life on our own terms; we are now members of His Body, united with Him in purpose and destiny. This profound truth transforms not only our identity but also the way we view and use our physical bodies. Paul reminds us in 1 Corinthians 6:15: 

"Know ye not that your bodies are the members of Christ?"

Our bodies are not our own. They have been purchased with the precious blood of Christ and now serve a divine purpose. Though we still inhabit mortal flesh, the purpose of these earthly vessels has changed—we are no longer bound to sin but called to manifest the life of Christ in us. Paul declares in 2 Corinthians 4:7: 

"But we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and not of us."

This "treasure" is the glorious truth of Christ dwelling within us. Our weak and imperfect bodies have now become instruments through which His power and life shine forth.

Acknowledging the Truth is More than Recognition

Acknowledging the Truth is More than Recognition

It’s no coincidence that in Paul’s final three epistles—2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon—he repeatedly stresses the importance of acknowledging the truth rather than merely recognizing it. As his ministry neared its conclusion, he wasn’t just leaving theological reflections—he was calling believers to active faith. This repeated emphasis suggests an urgency: doctrine was never meant to be a passive collection of beliefs, but a lived reality. By specifically using the word “acknowledge,” Paul drives home the point that truth must be embraced, applied, and experienced. His final words weren’t just about understanding the faith; they were a call to step into it boldly, yielding to God’s grace and allowing it to shape every aspect of life. It’s as if Paul, knowing his time was short, wanted to leave believers with one last crucial instruction—don’t just recognize God’s truth, live it.

Many people recognize truth. They see it, understand it intellectually, and even admire it. But Paul is calling us to much more than just a mental exercise. He calls us beyond passive recognition into an active acknowledgment—a faith-driven response that transforms how we live, believe, and interact with God’s grace.

The Journey of Faith, Love, and Hope

The Journey of Faith, Love, and Hope

Upon hearing of the faith and love among the Ephesians, Paul begins to pray for them and writes these profound truths to them. He would not have written the contents of Ephesians to the Corinthians, nor to the Galatians in the state they were in. The Corinthians were babes in Christ, incapable of perceiving and understanding spiritual truths. Paul addresses the Corinthians saying, 

"And I, brethren, could not speak unto you as unto spiritual, but as unto carnal, even as unto babes in Christ. I have fed you with milk, and not with meat: for hitherto ye were not able to bear it, neither yet now are ye able."  1 Corinthians 3:1-2. 

The Galatians had lost their footing—their faith was overthrown, and had returned to the law, striving to establish their own righteousness and salvation rather than placing their faith in Christ. Paul warned them, 

"Behold, I Paul say unto you, that if ye be circumcised, Christ shall profit you nothing." Galatians 5:2.

Those seeking justification through the law had fallen from grace. Likewise, the Corinthians exhibited signs of immaturity—envy, strife, and division among them.

To truly grasp the deep spiritual truths contained in Ephesians, one must reach a certain level of maturity. Until then, these great depths of God's eternal plan and purpose remain beyond full comprehension. Paul highlights this progression in several of his letters. In the opening of Romans, he declares:

Romans 6: Growing Beyond Justification

Romans 6: Growing Beyond Justification

Justification through faith, as described in Romans 5:1, is not the end of the Christian life. Instead, justification marks the starting line of a transformative journey of faith. It is the open door to a lifelong process of spiritual growth and maturity. What follows justification is essential for believers: the renewal of the mind and ultimately the transformation of one’s heart.

Romans 6 introduces us to the next critical step in this journey—introspection. It calls believers to turn inward and address the dominion of sin that remains a force in our mortal bodies. Without engaging with this inward transformation, many believers remain spiritual babes, as Paul lamented regarding the Corinthians, 1Cor.3:1-2. But with intentionality, we can progress towards the maturity God desires for us. Romans 6 equips us for this step, guiding us to understand what it means to be dead to sin and alive to God. This renewal is foundational for every believer who seeks to grow into the fullness of their faith and Paul’s doctrine.

Let us now explore the powerful truths of Romans 6, particularly focusing on the crux of the matter found in Romans 6:16, which reveals the vital process of yielding, obedience, and the fruits of righteousness.

What Romans 6 Teaches Us: Dead to Sin and Alive to God

Romans 6 addresses a profound truth: through Christ, our relationship with sin has fundamentally changed. We are no longer slaves to sin, but we are invited to walk in newness of life (Romans 6:4). However, this does not happen automatically; it requires a mindset shift and an active faith.

Understanding the Process of Salvation in Romans (Part 16 of 16 - There is therefore now no condemnation)

Start this lesson series here: 
Understanding the Process of Salvation in Romans (Part 1)

Understanding the Process of Salvation in Romans (Part 16 of 16 - There is therefore now no condemnation)

Brief summary of sanctification

Due to the holidays, there has been a long break between this new post and the previous post in this series. It is fitting therefore to briefly recap the key points from this study before I wrap up with Romans chapter 8.

If you have followed this study, you may recall that Romans 1 to 4 deals with the concepts of justification, a free gift of God to those who choose to believe in the cross work of Jesus Christ for their eternal salvation. Paul then writes a transitional chapter, Romans 5, that rounds off justification and starts to introduce sanctification, the second part of a believer’s full salvation experience. 

The primary purpose of this study is to inform believers of sanctification which is either ignored, or neglected, due to poor spiritual teachings in the modern church. Salvation does not stop at justification. Though justification saves our souls unto eternal life, sanctification is a continuation of salvation that transforms us into living sacrifices for God’s purpose while we occupy this life, Rom.12:1-2, but also saves us from loss, 1Cor.3:15, and towards the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus, Phil.3:14, in the ages to come: which is a measure of the glory of Christ, Rom.8:18; 1Cor.15:41; 2Cor.3:9; 2Cor.4:17; Eph.1:18; Col.1:27; 1Th.2:12; 2Th.2:14.

Paul elaborates on the concept of sanctification in Romans 6 and 7. I refer to the contents of these two chapters as the definition, or two pillars, of sanctification, which involve the knowledge of being dead to sin and being delivered from the law.